The Author. In the field STM (Sciences, Technology, Medicine) writing alone is not frequent. Collective writing imposes rules on co-authors

The Editor. He is responsible for the content of the journal

The Reviewer. It is a "reader", a member of the editorial board, appointed by the editor to evaluate articles submitted as part of the peer reviewing process.

• He is the direct recipient of manuscripts

   

• He shall refrain from any discrimination upon their reception

   

• He selects and supervises reactive and competent reviewers

   

• He shall deal with submitted manuscripts without delay

   

• He prevents possible conflicts of interest

   

• He avoids any attempt to retrieve or escape concepts included in the texts

   

• He is the final arbiter and responsible for acceptance or refusal

   

• He deals with problems related to errors or plagiarism committed by the Author (s)

• Most often a researcher

   

• Member of a Reading Committee, under the responsibility of the Editor

   

• Usually anonymous vs. the submitting author

   

• Subject to the same restrictive requirements as Publishers

   

• Can work in pairs or more

   

• Responsible for advising the Editor on the admissibility of the submitted text

   

• Reviewer's position can be rewarding in a scientific career path

A full author should have:

• Contributed effectively to the research, acquisition and interpretation of data.

• Participated in the drafting and revision of the article

• Approved the final version of the article

It is fully in solidarity with all the co-authors in the responsibility of publication.

• Chosen by the team he is the "interface" between the team, the Editor and the research readers (end users) of the publication

   

• His name and e-mail address are often marked with an "envelope" icon (see below on Science Direct)

• The mere collection of sources or supervision of the work is not enough to confer the status of author 

   

• Contributors who do not simultaneously meet the 3 conditions set out in the Authors insert may be named as Acknowledgements

   

• This is particularly true of the IPs (participating investigators) and clinical investigators.

He is called in French "éditeur commercial" for convenience, to oppose it to the "scientific" editor (editor): but it can also be a non-profit publisher (actually, hardly ever enough…)

He is theoretically not directly related to the Author

He supervises the Scientific Editor (s)